Indexing the Age of Fracture

Daniel T. Rodgers, Henry Charles Lea Professor of History at Princeton University, has been named a winner of the 2012 Bancroft Prize for Age of Fracture, his exposition of the late-20th century dissolution of the ideas that had previously served to shape Americans’ understanding of the world. The Bancroft is one of the most distinguished academic awards in the field of history, and, says the book’s editor, Joyce Seltzer, for Rodgers it was well-deserved:

The very first time I read Dan’s manuscript, I knew it was very special. He managed to brilliantly characterize the last three decades of intellectual discourse in the U.S. so as to enable me to see it in a new and revealing light. By mapping out major ideas about the market, race, gender, political obligations, and social welfare, and demonstrating the shift from collective to fragmented perspectives and outlooks, Dan makes the radical changes taking place in our way of thinking provocatively clear. I began to see the transformation he explored everywhere—in the arts, sciences, and in our social and political relations and expectations. Age of Fracture is a wake-up call to all of us that we must pull together again for the greater welfare and future of our community and nation.

Accurately and coherently characterizing an era is a challenging endeavor, especially when one’s period of inquiry is so recent. In his Prologue, Rodgers quotes Stuart Hall on the naming of ages: “What is important are the significant breaks—where old lines of thought are disrupted, older constellations displaced, and elements, old and new, are regrouped around a different set of premises and themes.” Though the task is to focus on major ideological threads, rather than to catalogue an age’s every idea, one of the striking things about Age of Fracture is just how much ground Rodgers is able to cover in a book that comes in well under 400 pages.

Age of Fracture is certainly no pastiche, though, and it’s also not the sort of free associative cultural criticism that we’d associate with, say, Greil Marcus. Nevertheless, Rodgers makes his way from Jimmy Carter to Judith Butler, the Civil War to the Culture Wars, Game Theory to the Gay Rights Movement, Nietzsche to Noonan, Earl Warren to Alice Walker, Harriet Beecher Stowe to Howard Stern. He covers so much ground, in fact, that we thought we’d just be blunt about it and offer up the Index. Give it a skim or a scour below.

 

• Abortion, 152, 165–167, 169–172, 174, 205, 208, 261, 310n46
• Ackerman, Bruce: We the People, 239–240
• ACT UP, 162
• Adams, Mary Louise, 154
• Aesthetics, postmodern, 230–231
• Affirmative action, 122–123, 126, 129–137, 141, 190, 197, 223
• Afghanistan, 21, 28, 37, 244–245, 265, 271
• Africa, 115, 117–118, 137–139, 142, 212, 244, 265
• African Americans, 3–4, 10, 37, 79, 174–175, 186, 190–191, 210, 212; and history, 93–97, 233; and debates over race, 111–44; and feminism, 115, 120–122, 139–140, 151, 153–154, 178; and poverty, 200–204, 208
• African American studies, 115–116, 121, 141, 186
• Afrocentrism, 115, 121, 126, 138, 140, 144, 195, 217–218
• Agronsky and Company (TV show), 35
• AIDS epidemic, 38, 159, 162–163, 262, 265
• Airline deregulation, 61–62
• Akerlof, George, 68
• Allende, Salvador, 53
• All in the Family (TV show), 116
• Alter, Jonathan, 258
• American Civil Liberties Union, 213
• American Conservative Union, 27
• American Council for Capital Formation, 70
• American Economic Association, 77
• American Enterprise Institute, 8, 70, 72, 83, 195, 205, 207
• American Federation of Teachers, 228
• American flag, 13, 180–181, 197, 209, 213, 258, 260
• American Historical Association, 260
• American Social History Project, 229
• Anderson, Benedict, 223
• Anderson, Martin, 206
• Angelou, Maya, 115, 121–122
• Angola, 28, 37
• Ansen, David, 257
• Anthropology, 17, 64, 78, 99–101, 106, 117, 155, 157, 171
• Antitrust doctrine, 56
• Appleby, Joyce, 260–261
• Arab-Israeli War (1973), 9, 43
• Architecture, postmodern, 230
• Arendt, Hannah: The Origins of Totalitarianism, 4
• Army, U.S., affirmative action in, 136, 223
• Arrow, Kenneth, 86, 291n14, 331n67
• Asante, Molefi Kete, 140, 144
• Asian Americans, 93, 111–113, 115, 119, 125, 141, 151
• Asian American studies, 115, 141
• Åslund, Anders, 253
• Association of Black Sociologists, 123
• Atlanta, Ga., 114
• Atlantic Monthly, 201
• Auletta, Ken, 201
• Autobiography of Malcolm X, 117
• Baghdad, Iraq, 266
• Baker, Houston, 140
• Bakke (Regents of the University of California v. Bakke) (1978), 123, 131, 134–135
• Baldwin, James, 112, 118
• Bali, 99, 101
• Balkans, 256, 259
• Baltic republics, 253
• Barber, Benjamin, 36
• Barnard College, 154
• Barthes, Roland, 158
• Bartlett, Katharine, 169
• Bartley, Robert, 69, 73
• Basic Books, 7
• Beauvoir, Simone de: The Second Sex, 156
• Becker, Gary, 50, 64, 90, 269
• Behavioral economics, 67
• Beirut, Lebanon, 26
• Bell, Daniel, 49, 84, 107; The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism, 75
• Bellah, Robert N., 180, 192, 226, 229; Habits of the Heart, 195
• Bennett,William J., 176, 207–208, 210–211, 217, 261; The De-Valuing of America, 176
• Berger, Peter, 83, 85, 87, 195
• Berger, Raoul, 234; Government by Judiciary, 235–237, 239
• Bernal, Martin, 138; Black Athena, 115, 118
• Bernanke, Ben, 68
• Bernardin, Joseph Cardinal, 169
• Besançon, Alain, 245
• Bhabha, Homi, 139
• Bible, 20, 31, 167–168, 171–173, 231–232, 262, 292n26
• Bicentennial celebration, 180, 226–227, 258
• Bickel, Alexander M., 234
• Bilingual instruction, 195, 211
• Bill of Rights, incorporation of, 232–237
• Bin Laden, Osama, 263
• Birmingham, Ala., 114, 128
• Black, Hugo, 233, 235
• Black Book, The, 115
• Black diaspora, 139
• Black Enterprise, 118–119, 123
• Blackmun, Harry A., 134, 136
• Black nationalism, 118, 120–121, 126, 140
• Blanchard, Olivier, 330n61
• Bloom, Allan, 174–177, 246–247, 313n68; The Closing of the American Mind, 175–176, 210, 221
• Bluestone, Barry, 199
• Boesky, Ivan, 6
• Bork, Robert H., 83, 128, 234, 237–238, 240
• Bosmajian, Haig, 28
• Boston, Mass., 4, 125
• Bourdieu, Pierre, 90
• Bradley Foundation (Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation), 196, 216–217
• Brennan, William J., 237–238, 241
• Breyer, Stephen, 60, 62
• Britain, 13, 90, 139, 223, 226; and Thatcherism, 29, 53–55, 74, 97–98, 219; economic crisis of the 1970s in, 48, 53–55; working-class formation in, 91–94, 97–98
• Brookings Institution, 8, 216
• Brown, Wendy, 154, 160
• Brown University, 160
• Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 113, 123, 125, 128–129, 214, 234–235, 240
• Bryant, Anita, 165, 168; Raising God’s Children, 172
• Buchanan, James M., 86–87, 292n21
• Buchanan, Patrick, 145, 228
• Buckley, William F., Jr., 26, 83, 189, 195, 206
• Buhle, Mari Jo, 159
• Burger, Warren, 129
• Burke, Edmund, 189, 197, 240
• Burnham, James, 84; The Managerial Revolution, 83
• Bush, George H.W., 15, 33, 119, 228, 279n44
• Bush, George W., 33, 258–259, 262–268, 270–271; speeches of, 261–264
• Business cycles, 42, 45–46, 51, 54–55, 67, 224, 255
• Busing and school desegregation, 127, 130, 190, 195, 215
• Butler, Judith, 139, 144; Gender Trouble, 163
• Butler, Stuart, 206
• Calabresi, Guido, 59, 284n34
• California, 23, 70–71, 93, 130, 136, 166, 217
• California State Board of Education, 227
• Cambodia, 28
• Canada, 211
• Capital gains taxes, 70
• Capitalism, theories of, 6, 8–10, 42, 44, 72, 75, 77–78, 82–84, 187, 193, 230; and post-Communist societies, 12, 242, 245, 247–253, 332n75; finance, 43, 80–81
• Cardozo, Benjamin, 238
• Carnegie Corporation, 8
• Carnegie Mellon University, 64
• Carson, Clayborne, 128
• Carter, Jimmy, 168, 195, 201; speeches of, 15, 18, 20–21, 23–25, 28, 31–32, 34–35, 197, 276n17; popularity of, 33, 279n44; economic policies of, 42–43, 49, 54, 62, 285n43; and women’s issues, 150, 165; foreign policy of, 243, 251
• Carter, Rosalynn, 150
• Carter, Stephen L., 120, 122
• Catholics, 26, 126, 149, 166–168, 170, 176, 196, 227, 231, 262; and abortion, 165–167, 169–172; and womanhood, 169–170; and economic justice, 186, 204–205; and schools, 214, 217–218, 225
• Catholic University of Chile, 53
• CatholicWorker movement, 262
• Cato Institute, 189
• Cayton, Horace, 125
• Center for Judicial Studies, 235
• Certainty, 12, 140, 145–146, 155–165, 171–179, 196, 236
• Chambers, Whittaker, 27
• Chavez, Linda, 141, 216
• Cheney, Lynne, 225, 228; Telling the Truth, 176
• Chicago, Ill., 114, 116, 125, 201
• Chile, 52–53, 186
• China, 243, 245, 251, 269
• Chinese Americans, 93, 111–112
• Choice, 3, 5, 10, 12, 30, 42, 67–68, 75–76, 89–91, 107–109, 122, 137, 143–145, 147, 175, 188, 270; and public education, 214–219
• Chomsky, Noam, 105
• Christian Coalition, 171
• Chrysler Corporation, 43, 80
• Chubb, John E., 216–217
• Citizenship, 180–181, 196–198, 265–266
• Civic republicanism, 98, 191–194, 196
• Civil Aeronautics Board, 62
• Civil religion, 212, 219, 226, 229
• Civil Rights Act (1964), 134
• Civil rights movement, 3–4, 113, 118, 126–129, 131–132, 147, 191, 265
• Civil society movement, 191, 196
• Civil War, 25, 112, 221, 225–226, 229, 237
• Cixous, Hélène, 159
• Clark, Kenneth, 123
• Class, 39, 45, 47, 91–94, 96–98, 102, 106, 138, 147, 271; new class theory, 11, 79, 82–85, 87, 90, 93, 189; and race, 122–123; underclass, 122–124, 200–202, 204, 206–207, 209
• Clausen, A.W., 74
• Clinton, Bill, 2–3, 15, 38, 74, 78, 195, 197, 264, 279n44; and welfare policy, 208–209
• Coase, Ronald, 50, 58, 64, 66, 76, 284n34; “The Problem of Social Cost,” 57–58
• Coase theorem, 42, 57–58, 76
• Cold War, 37–38, 144, 149, 170, 205, 231, 256; in presidential rhetoric, 2, 12–13, 16–22, 24, 26–29, 37–40, 260–261, 264, 266; social thought in, 4–5, 16–17, 224, 270; end of, 242, 244–246
• Coleman, James S., 89, 196, 218–220; Foundations of Social Theory, 90, 292n21; Power and the Structure of Society, 90
• Collins, Robert M., 44
• “Color-blind,” 129–134, 136, 141, 143
• Colson, Charles, 176, 262
• Columbus, Christopher, 225, 227
• Columbus, Ohio, 227
• Combahee River Collective, 140
• Commentary, 83, 245
• Commission on Civil Rights, U.S., 129
• Committee on the Present Danger, 37
• Common culture, 181, 198, 210–212, 214, 217–219, 221, 225–229
• Common good, 20, 98, 180–181, 257, 270
• Communism, 13, 226; collapse of, 10, 12, 224, 242–254, 259; in Cold War political rhetoric, 16, 18, 22, 26–27, 38, 128, 189
• Communist Manifesto, 83
• Communitarianism, 191–192, 194–198
• Community-action programs, 184, 194
• Concerned Women for America, 169
• Connerly, Ward, 130
• Consciousness raising, 147–148, 191
• Conscription, military, 181, 187, 315n14
• Conservative Party (Britain), 29, 53–54
• Conservatives, 1–2, 8, 226, 229; and creation of a “counterintelligentsia,” 7–8, 52, 55, 59, 69, 72–73, 85, 204–205; in the culture wars, 12, 145, 150–151, 154, 164–177, 185, 225; and presidential speechwriting, 26–27, 29–31, 34; and economic policy, 41–42, 47, 53–54, 60–61, 69, 71, 74; and theories of power, 79, 82–87, 91, 93; and race, 120–121, 123, 126–134, 141; and debates over society, 188–190, 194–198, 204–209, 219; and schools, 211–219; and Constitutional interpretation, 224, 232–242; and foreign policy, 243–247, 251, 253–254; in post-9/11 America, 260, 262, 268
• Constitution, U.S., 25, 34–35, 192, 194, 226, 262; and original intention, 12, 224, 232–242, 254; and race, 127–136
• Contemporary Sociology, 105
• Coons, John E., 215, 218
• Cornell University, 60, 175
• Corporate takeovers, 9, 43, 80–81
• Cosby Show (TV show), 13, 116
• Cose, Ellis, 132
• Council of Economic Advisers, 42, 47, 49–50, 55, 71, 73, 78, 285n43
• Counterintelligentsia, 7–8, 52, 55, 59, 69, 72–73, 85, 204–205
• Cox, Harvey, 186
• Crenshaw, Kimberlé, 140
• Critical Inquiry, 137–139
• Critical legal studies, 139, 156–158
• Critical race studies, 140–142
• Cronkite, Walter, 35
• Croson (City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co.) (1989), 135
• Cultural turn, 11–12, 94–102, 106–107
• Culture wars, 12, 145–146, 166, 170–181, 221, 236, 260–261, 270
• Curriculum, controversies over, 145, 175, 181, 195, 210–216, 225–229
• Czechoslovakia, 196, 245, 253
• Dahl, Robert A.: Who Governs? 82
• Daly, Mary: Beyond God the Father, 149
• Danvers Statement on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood, 173
• Darby, John Nelson, 231
• Darman, Richard, 33–34
• Darnton, Robert, 100
• Darwin, Charles: Origin of Species, 41
• Daughters of the Confederacy, 226
• Davis, Jefferson, 226
• Day, Dorothy, 262
• Dean, Jodi, 178
• Declaration of Independence, 222, 239
• Deconstruction, 139, 158–161, 163, 176, 308n27
• Deficits, budget, 37, 71, 74, 249, 265
• DeKalb, Ill., conference, 94, 159
• Democracy, 172, 243, 246–247, 251, 259–261; and markets, 75, 216–218; participatory, 109, 192, 194–195
• Democratic Party, 3, 23, 38, 49, 74, 97, 114, 121, 131, 150, 195, 208, 210, 234
• DeParle, Jason, 208
• Deregulation, 8, 35, 42, 60–62, 74, 189, 249
• Derrida, Jacques, 157–158, 160; On Grammatology, 159
• Derthick, Martha, 62
• Desegregation, school, 4, 113, 118, 125–127, 129–130, 133, 215, 234–235
• Detroit, Mich., 114, 148
• Dewey, John, 177
• Difference feminism, 148–149, 152–155, 171
• Dionne, E. J., 186–187, 193
• Director, Aaron, 50
• Dissent, 193
• Divorce, 146, 164, 171
• Doctorow, E. L.: Ragtime, 230
• Dolan, Anthony, 26–27, 30, 180
• Downs, Anthony, 64
• Downs, Laura Lee, 162
• Drake, St. Clair, 125
• Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), 233
• D’Souza, Dinesh, 8, 176, 213; The End of Racism, 127; Illiberal Education, 211
• Dubner, Stephen: Freakonomics, 268–269
• Du Bois, W. E. B., 121, 125, 142
• Duke University, 159, 174
• Durkheim, Emile, 89, 229
• Dworkin, Andrea, 153–154
• Dworkin, Ronald, 240
• Dyson, Michael Eric, 143
• Eagleton, Terry, 230
• East Palo Alto, Calif., 203
• Economic crisis of 1970s, 8–11, 20–21, 43–44, 48–50, 53–55, 61, 73–74, 184, 288n64
• Economic crisis of 2008–2009, 270–271
• Economic forecasts, 47–50, 54–55, 65, 73, 75, 288n64
• Economic Justice for All, 167, 186, 204–205
• Economics, debates over, 8–11, 13, 41–76, 204–206, 268–269; and inequality, 198–199; in Communist and post-Communist societies, 224–225, 242–245, 247–256, 332n75; in post-9/11 America, 267–270. See also Capitalism; Markets
• Economist, 248
• Edelman, Murray, 95
• Education. See Schools; Universities and colleges
• Efficiency, economic, 56–58, 61–63, 183–185
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 18–19, 27, 33, 279n44
• Eizenstat, Stuart, 195
• Elster, Jon, 88
• Ely, John Hart, 239
• End of history, 231–232, 245–247, 259
• End Times prophecy, 231–232
• Energy crisis of the 1970s, 9, 21, 35, 39, 43, 53, 60, 108, 197
• English-Only policies, 210–211
• Environmental Defense Fund, 62
• Environmentalism, 62, 79–80, 83
• Epstein, Joseph, 4
• Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 121
• Equality, 183–187, 189–190, 193, 215, 217, 220, 271; and race, 119, 127–129, 134; and gender, 149–152, 160, 164; economic, 198–199
• Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), 149–152, 154, 159, 164–166, 170–171, 174, 190
• Ericson, Richard, 249
• Essentialism, 138–139, 141–142, 152, 155, 158, 171, 176–178
• Ethnicity, 93, 114–115, 125–126, 141, 151–153, 209–211, 225, 229
• Ethnic Millions Political Action Committee, 126
• Etzioni, Amitai, 194–195
• European Union, 231, 247
• EvangelicalWomen’s Caucus, 172
• “Evil empire,” 23, 26–27, 40
• Existentialism, 16
• Fallacy of composition, 46–47, 66, 76
• Faludi, Susan, 260
• Falwell, Jerry, 165–169, 180, 212, 217, 260–261
• Families, 124, 146–148, 150–152, 165, 169–173, 195, 262
• Farrakhan, Louis, 121
• Federalist, The, 192
• Federalist Society, 8, 233, 240
• Federal Reserve Board, 43, 51–55, 74
• Federal Trade Commission, 56
• Feldstein, Martin, 70–71
• Feminism, 79, 146–155, 171–172, 175, 178; and race, 115, 120–121, 140, 151–153; opposition to, 149–151, 164–174; and poststructuralism, 156–164
• Feminist Studies, 161
• Fields, Barbara J., 138
• Filipino Americans, 112
• Finance capitalism, 8–10, 43, 80–81
• Fiorina, Morris P., 291n18
• First Boston Corporation, 71
• Fish, Stanley, 159, 178, 261
• Flag. See American flag
• Flax, Jane, 164
• Ford, Betty, 150
• Ford, Gerald R., 33, 43, 48–49, 61, 150, 206, 227, 279n44
• Ford Foundation, 8, 201, 247, 274n14
• Fordism, 8–9, 81
• Forecasts: economic, 47–50, 54–55, 65, 73, 75, 249–252, 288n64; social, 78–80, 107–109, 111, 242–245, 266–267, 269, 296n65
• Fortune, 107
• Foucault, Michel, 11, 77, 102–107, 109, 157–158, 160; Discipline and Punish, 103–105; Madness and Civilization, 102–103
• France, 13, 75, 90, 100, 102–103, 146, 156–158, 163, 174–175, 223
• Franklin, Benjamin, 23, 25
• Fraser, Nancy, 105
• Free to Choose (TV series), 55, 77
• Free Congress Foundation, 216
• Freedom, 10, 187–191; in presidential rhetoric, 16–17, 19–23, 25, 27–31, 34, 38, 40; and markets, 42, 75, 78; and race, 113, 117, 224; in post-9/11 America, 263, 266–268
• Free Press, 7
• Free-rider problem, 10, 64, 86–87
• Free speech, 198, 212–214, 232, 259–160
• Free Speech Movement, 213
• Freud, Sigmund, 158
• Friedan, Betty, 151; The Feminine Mystique, 146
• Friedman, Milton, 44, 50–55, 62, 64–66, 68–69, 77, 107, 190, 214, 283n27; Capitalism and Freedom, 59
• Friedman, Thomas, 75; The World Is Flat, 268–269
• Frum, David, 265
• Fukuyama, Francis, 221, 245–247, 254, 259, 317n30, 333n7; “The End of History?” 245–247
• Full employment policies, 46, 48, 52, 55, 65, 74, 124, 150
• Futurology, 78–80, 107–109, 111, 224, 296n65
• Gaddis, John Lewis, 267
• Gagnon, Paul, 228
• Gaidar, Yegor, 248, 250
• Galbraith, John Kenneth, 77–80, 107, 248; The Affluent Society, 77; The New Industrial State, 77, 80
• Gallop, Jane, 159
• Galston,William, 195
• Game theory, 10, 64–65, 85–90, 183
• Garrison,William Lloyd, 262
• Garvey, Marcus, 117, 121
• Gary, Ind., 113
• Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 138–140, 142, 159, 213
• Gay rights movement, 162–163, 165, 168–169, 172
• Geertz, Clifford, 99–101, 104, 106, 155, 157, 294n45; The Interpretation of Cultures, 100, 105; Negara, 101
• Gender, debates over, 11–12, 39, 93, 97, 138, 144–179, 190; and race, 115, 120–121, 139–140, 152–153; in post-9/11 America, 260, 270–271
• General Electric Theater (TV show), 32
• Genovese, Eugene: Roll, Jordan, Roll, 96–97, 99
• George Mason University, 292n21
• Georgetown University, 2
• Gerson, Michael, 262, 265
• Giddens, Anthony, 90
• Gilder, George, 69, 73, 76, 132; Wealth and Poverty, 72–73
• Gilligan, Carol, 148; In a Different Voice, 149, 163
• Gilman, Sander, 139
• Gilroy, Paul, 139
• Gingrich, Newt, 228, 278n34, 296n65
• Ginsburg, Faye, 171
• Gitlin, Todd, 230
• Glendon, Mary Ann, 317n30
• Global economy, 9, 13, 42, 44, 54, 74–75, 181, 199, 211, 221, 242, 254, 256, 268–269
• Goldwater, Barry, 16
• Gorbachev, Mikhail, 27, 37, 242–243, 245, 247–249
• Gordon, Robert J., 67
• Gordon, Robert W., 156–157
• Gore, Al, 263
• Government, 80–81; opposition to, 20, 22, 29, 42, 51–52, 71–72, 75, 84, 87, 187–189; and “the people,” 34–35; and the “mixed economy,” 46–47; economic regulation by, 47–49, 56, 60–63, 74–75; and schools, 216–218; in post-9/11 America, 258, 263, 265
• Graff, Gerald, 211
• Graham, Billy, 168
• Gramsci, Antonio, 95–97, 106, 155, 157
• Great Books curriculum, 175, 210–211
• Great Society, 125, 184, 194–195, 203
• Green, Bob: Raising God’s Children, 172
• Greenfield, Meg, 30, 202
• Greensboro, N.C., 3, 191
• Greenspan, Alan, 71
• Grenada, 37, 197
• Grudem, Wayne, 173
• Guerrero, Lena, 38
• Gutman, Herbert, 97
• Haley, Alex: Roots, 11, 117–118, 121–122, 125–126, 136, 138, 143
• Hall, Stuart, 3–4, 98, 111, 139, 143, 155
• Hand, W. Brevard, 235–237, 240
• Hannity, Sean, 261
• Hardin, Garrett, 86
• Harding, Susan, 174
• Harkin, Tom, 38
• Harlan, John Marshall, 129
• Harlem Renaissance, 117
• Harries, Owen, 244
• Harris, Angela, 140
• Harrison, Bennett, 199
• Hart, Benjamin, 203
• Harvard Crimson, 315n14, 316n24
• Harvard University, 62, 70, 77, 156, 159, 185–187, 193, 247, 250, 315n14
• Harvey, David, 9, 230
• Hayek, Friedrich von, 29, 44, 51, 75, 187
• Hegel, G. W. F., 246–247
• Hegemony, 11, 43, 95–97, 246
• Heidegger, Martin, 158, 175, 177
• Heilbroner, Robert, 79–80
• Helms, Jesse, 165, 235
• Heritage Foundation, 1, 127, 196, 206–207, 216, 218
• Herrnstein, Richard: The Bell Curve, 8, 127
• Hertzberg, Hendrik, 263
• Hill, Anita, 121
• Himmelfarb, Gertrude: The De-Moralization of Society, 176
• Hip-hop, 116, 121, 140, 142–143, 173
• Hirsch, E. D., Jr.: Cultural Literacy, 210, 221–222
• Hirschman, Albert, 74, 218
• Hispanics, 37, 93, 111–113, 115, 125, 141, 151, 178, 217, 227
• History, 5, 12, 16, 40, 76, 79, 91–98, 100–102, 106; in Reagan’s speeches, 22–23, 28, 222–224; and race, 112–113, 115, 117–118, 121, 128, 131–138, 142–143; and theories of justice, 188, 190–191, 193; debates over, 221–229; end of, 221, 231–232, 245–247, 259–268; and Constitutional interpretation, 232–242; and Communist and post-Communist societies, 242–254, 332n75; in post-9/11 America, 257, 259, 261
• Hoffman, Abbie, 260
• Hofstadter, Richard, 292n26
• Hollinger, David, 112
• Home Girls anthology, 153
• Homelessness, 185, 199, 201
• Homosexuality, 149, 151, 162–163, 165, 168–170, 172, 176, 178, 261
• hooks, bell, 139, 141, 153
• Horton, Willie, 119
• Hough, Jerry, 251
• Houston, Texas, 150–153, 170
• Hubbard, Elbert: “A Message to Garcia,” 23
• Human rights, 169, 243, 247, 251, 256, 266–268
• Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment Act (1978), 55
• Hungary, 245, 253
• Hunter, James Davison, 174; Culture Wars, 145
• Huntington, Samuel P., 226, 246, 259
• Hyde, Henry, 213
• Iacocca, Lee, 80
• Identities, 2, 5, 9–13, 39, 171, 176–180, 258, 261, 270; and race, 111, 137–143; and gender, 149, 151, 161–164
• Immigration, 93, 112, 126, 145, 153, 209–211, 214, 225–226
• Immigration Commission, U.S., 112
• Inaugural addresses, 17, 19–21, 23, 27–28, 31–32, 36, 262–263, 265–268
• Income taxes, 51, 70–71, 74, 76
• Individualism, 4–6, 36–38, 40–41, 45, 63–68, 76, 87–88, 90, 98, 109, 112, 126–128, 133–134, 136–137, 181, 185, 187–192, 219–220, 265
• Indonesia, 99, 101
• Industrial policy, 74
• Inequality, 10, 12, 53, 78, 99, 110, 112, 131–133, 143, 147, 156, 160, 167, 181, 184, 198–200, 205, 208–209, 266
• Inflation, 20–21, 43, 48–49, 51–54, 61, 63, 65–67, 69, 75–76, 80, 249, 288n64
• Institute for Advanced Study, 100
• Institute of Economic Affairs, 53
• Intellectual Ammunition, 1
• Interdependence, 36, 256, 258, 271
• Interest group politics, 80–82, 85, 89–91, 106
• International Monetary Fund, 62, 74, 248, 250
• International Women’s Year, 150
• Iran, 21, 28
• Iraq, 265–268, 271
• Irish Americans, 93, 114, 214
• Israel, 9, 43, 231
• Italian Americans, 111, 114, 134
• Italy, 95, 220
• Jackson, Jesse, 114, 118, 120–121, 126, 133, 210, 217
• Jackson, Maynard, 114
• Jackson, Michael, 116
• Jaffree v. Board of School Commissioners (1983), 236–237
• Jameson, Fredric, 9, 158, 230
• Jamieson, Kathleen, 33
• Japanese Americans, 111–112
• Jefferson, Thomas, 15, 23, 32, 237
• Jeffries, Leonard, 126
• Jerusalem, 231
• Jews, 131, 137, 167, 190
• Johns Hopkins University, 158
• Johnson, Barbara, 159
• Johnson, Lyndon B., 17–19, 24–25, 33, 43, 47–48, 125, 194, 200, 215, 263, 279n44
• Johnson, Paul, 176, 229; Modern Times, 1
• Johnson, Philip, 230
• Jones, Gareth Stedman, 98
• Jones, Mother, 262
• Joseph, Keith, 53
• Journal of American History, 292n26
• Journal of Economic Perspectives, 77
• Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 100
• Joyce, Joyce A., 138
• Joyce, Michael, 196, 198, 217
• Justice, theories of, 17, 58, 105, 131–136, 182–194, 198, 220, 233, 237, 239
• Kahn, Alfred E., 60–62
• Kahn, Herman: The Year 2000, 107
• Katz, Michael, 215
• Kaus, Mickey, 206
• Kemp, Jack, 69, 71, 73
• Kemp-Roth bill, 69, 71, 73
• Kennedy, Duncan, 156
• Kennedy, Edward, 62, 200
• Kennedy, John F., 16, 18–19, 22–23, 32–33, 36, 43, 48, 133, 197, 279n44, 324n12
• Kennedy, Lisa, 140
• Kennedy, Paul: The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, 1, 246
• Keynes, John Maynard, 45–46, 67, 70, 224
• Keynesianism, 47–48, 50–51, 55–56, 63, 65–70, 75, 78, 185, 288n64
• Khachigian, Kenneth, 15, 34
• Kimball, Roger, 176, 213
• King, Coretta Scott, 150
• King, Martin Luther, Jr., 114, 128–130, 150, 169, 226, 262
• King, Rodney, 119, 143
• Kipling, Rudyard, 29
• Kirk, Russell, 189, 322n74
• Kirkpatrick, Jeane, 84, 243–245
• Kitchen Table Press, 153
• Kotz, David M., 252–253
• Koyève, Alexander, 246
• Kristeva, Julia, 158
• Kristol, Irving, 2, 69, 83–85, 87, 107, 189; The Public Interest, 72, 75, 84, 204
• Krueger, Anne, 74, 87
• Krugman, Paul, 330n61
• Labor history, 91–94, 97–98, 106, 159
• Labor unions, 5, 42, 49, 53, 81, 92–93, 97, 107, 131, 199
• Labour Party (Britain), 92, 97
• Lacan, Jacques, 158–159
• Laffer, Arthur, 69, 71–73, 265
• Laffer curve, 72–73, 265
• LaHaye, Beverly, 151, 169
• LaHaye, Tim, 167; The Battle for the Mind, 168; Left Behind series, 231–232
• Lasch, Christopher: The Culture of Narcissism, 6, 82
• Lasswell, Harold D.: Politics: Who Gets What, When, How, 91
• Latin America, 43, 52, 167, 186, 249
• Law and economics movement, 7–8, 56–63, 75, 238, 284n34
• Lay Commission on Catholic Social Teaching and the U.S. Economy, 205–206; Toward the Future, 205
• Lee, Spike, 121
• Lemann, Nicholas, 201
• Lesbianism, 149, 151, 162–163, 165, 170, 178
• Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 157
• Levitt, Steven: Freakonomics, 268–269
• Liberals, 1, 8, 42, 55, 59, 69, 76, 83, 85, 90–91, 135, 184–185, 197, 200, 206, 211, 213, 215–216, 234–235, 242–243; in post-9/11 America, 268, 271
• Liberation, global, 266–268
• Liberation theology, 186–187
• Libertarianism, 12, 17, 28, 39, 51–52, 55, 177, 187–191, 198, 202, 212–215, 217, 237, 262, 271, 315n14
• Limbaugh, Rush, 35, 228
• Limits, 20–21, 24–25, 29–31, 35, 38–39, 41, 69–70, 72, 79–80, 107–111, 227
• Limits to Growth, The, 79, 107
• Lincoln, Abraham, 15, 21, 23, 32, 36, 222, 226
• Lincoln Institute for Research and Education, 133
• Lindsey, Hal: The Late Great Planet Earth, 231–232
• Literary theory, 2, 13, 105, 137–139, 142, 145, 148, 156–164, 174
• Locke, John, 185, 189, 192
• London, England, 26, 44, 92, 115, 200, 204
• Long Beach, Calif., 165
• Lorde, Audre, 153
• Los Angeles, Calif., 70, 114, 119
• Loury, Glenn, 120
• Lowe, Lisa, 141–142
• Lowell, Mass., 211
• Lowenthal, David, 221
• Lowery, Joseph, 121
• Lucas, Robert, Jr., 41, 49–50, 64–69, 76, 224, 249, 252
• Lukes, Steven, 95
• Lyotard, Jean-François, 158
• MacArthur Foundation, 8
• MacKinnon, Catharine A., 153–154
• Macroeconomics, 11, 41, 46–52, 55, 61, 63–69, 250
• Madison, James, 192, 239
• Madison Group, 1
• Madonna, 163
• Malcolm X, 117
• Malcolm X (film), 121
• Malthus, Thomas, 79, 107
• Manhattan Institute, 204
• Mankiw, Gregory, 68
• Mann, Horace, 214–215
• Manne, Henry, 59
• Manson, Charles, 261
• Maoism, 222, 243
• Marcus, Sharon, 162
• Markets, 5, 7, 9–11, 13, 39, 209, 221–222, 225; in economic theory, 41–78; and democracy, 75, 87, 184, 188, 191, 209, 216–218; in post-Communist societies, 242–243, 247–254; in post-9/11 America, 256, 260, 264–265, 267, 269–271
• Marshall, Alfred: Principles of Economics, 45, 47, 66
• Marshall, Burke, 133
• Marshall, Thurgood, 121, 135–136
• Marx, Karl, 79, 85, 91, 193, 292n26; Capital, 155; Communist Manifesto, 83
• Marxism, 99, 144, 151, 176, 186–187, 246, 253, 255; and theories of power, 79, 82, 85, 88, 91–96, 101, 109, 147
• Masculinity, 170, 172–173
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 45, 250, 330n61
• McClellan, James, 235–237, 326n33
• McCloskey, Donald (Deirdre), 47, 285n47
• McDowell, Gary, 239
• McGovern, George, 55
• McKnight, Reginald, 142
• McLaughlin Group (TV show), 35
• McNamara, Robert, 74
• Mead, Lawrence M., 207–209
• Mead, Margaret, 175
• “Me decade,” 6
• Mediating structures project, 195–196
• Meese, Edwin, III, 83, 237, 239–241
• Memory, 221, 225; and race, 11, 112–113, 117–122, 126, 131–132, 134, 136–138, 142–143
• Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus, 155
• Mergers, corporate, 9, 43, 80–81
• Merrill, Thomas W., 240
• Metro Broadcasting Inc. v. FCC (1990), 135
• Mexican Americans, 93, 112–113, 115
• Mexico, 43, 75
• Miami, Fla., 111, 119, 165, 211
• Microeconomics, 42, 46–48, 51, 59, 63–64, 67–68, 76, 85, 89, 225, 266, 269
• Middle East, 115, 259, 267
• Mill, John Stuart, 182
• Milliken v. Bradley (1974), 113
• Mills, C. Wright: White Collar, 4
• Milwaukee, Wis., 217
• Misery index, 43
• Mobile, Ala., 235–236
• Modernization theory, 4, 99, 251, 255
• Moe, Terry M., 216–217
• Mondale, Walter, 23, 33
• Monetarism, 8, 50–56, 61, 63, 65–66, 69, 283n27
• Monoeconomics, 74, 251, 254
• Monterey Park, Calif., 211
• Mont Pelerin Society, 59
• Moral Majority, 167–168, 171, 174
• Morris, Meaghan, 154
• Morrison, Toni, 115, 125, 138; Beloved, 117, 136
• Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 124, 194
• Multiculturalism, 10, 12, 209–212, 214, 217, 219, 225–229
• Murray, Charles, 133, 206–209; The Bell Curve, 8, 127; Losing Ground, 202–204
• Murrell, Peter, 251
• Music, popular, 116, 121, 140, 142–143, 173, 175
• Muslims, 217, 259–260
• Muth, John, 285n47
• Myrdal, Gunnar: An American Dilemma, 137
• NAACP, 121, 129, 200
• Nader, Ralph, 62, 210
• Naisbitt, John: Megatrends, 109, 111; Megatrends 2000, 111
• Nash, Gary B., 228
• Nashville, Tenn., 3–4, 191
• National Association of Evangelicals, 26
• National Association of Scholars, 213
• National Conference of Catholic Bishops, 166–167, 172, 186, 204–205
• National Council of Churches, 227
• National Endowment for the Humanities, 211, 225, 228
• National Interest, 244–246
• National Review, 83–84, 189, 194, 246, 322n74
• National Security Strategy (1982), 244
• National Tax Limitation Committee, 71
• Nation of Islam, 118, 120
• Nation at Risk, A, 216
• Native Americans, 111–113, 115, 125, 141, 151, 190, 227–228
• Nehamas, Alexander, 182
• Neoconservatives, 8, 10, 69, 83–85, 189
• Neoliberalism, 10, 74
• Neuhaus, Richard John, 195
• New class theory, 82–85, 87, 90, 93, 189, 201
• New Criterion, 8
• New Keynesian economics, 68
• New Orleans, La., 114, 264
• New racism, 126–127
• New Republic, 7
• Newsweek, 52, 227, 257, 271, 324n12
• New York City, 43, 111, 119, 142, 200, 203, 230, 257
• New Yorker, 201, 263
• New York Public Service Commission, 60
• New York Review of Books, 80
• New York Times, 123, 159, 172
• Nicaragua, 26, 28, 37
• Nietzsche, Friedrich, 158, 175–177, 246
• Nihilism, 146, 174–177, 247, 261
• Nixon, Richard M., 7, 33, 48, 131, 176, 279n44; speeches of, 18–20
• Noonan, Peggy, 1, 3, 13, 18, 27, 32, 176, 268
• Norquist, Grover, 217
• North, Oliver, 228
• Norton, Eleanor Holmes, 200
• Novak, Michael, 83, 136, 144, 190, 205–206; Awakening from Nihilism, 176; The Guns of Lattimer, 126; The Rise of the Unmeltable Ethnics, 126
• Novick, Peter, 229
• Nozick, Robert, 12, 193, 315n14; Anarchy, State, and Utopia, 187–188, 190–191
• Nuclear weapons, 27, 37, 80, 167, 205, 229, 244–245
• Nunn, Sam, 258
• Obama, Barack, 270–271
• Obligation, 12, 16, 18–20, 28, 38, 181–182, 185–186, 188, 190, 192, 197, 200, 206–209; in post-9/11 America, 256, 259, 266
• O’Connor, Sandra Day, 135
• Office of Economic Opportunity, 215
• Oil crisis of the 1970s, 9, 21, 35, 39, 43, 53, 60, 108, 197
• Okun, Arthur, 47, 61
• Olin Foundation (John M. Olin Foundation), 7, 59, 274n14
• Olson, Mancur, 86–87
• Omi, Michael, 137
• Operation PUSH, 114, 120, 126
• Operation Rescue, 166
• Originalism, 224, 232–242
• Pacific Islanders, 141, 151
• Packer, George, 258–259
• Paine, Thomas, 23, 25–26, 29, 113, 144, 191, 210, 247, 263
• Pantheon Books, 105
• Paris, France, 156–158, 163, 174–175
• Parks, Rosa, 114
• Participatory democracy, 109, 191–195
• Pastoral Plan for Pro-Life Activities, 167
• Patriarchy, 120, 147–149, 155
• Patriotism, 13, 15–22, 25–31, 180–181, 196–198, 216, 223, 225, 258–259
• Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women, 160
• Pendleton, Clarence, 129, 133
• Perfect competition, models of, 46–47, 66, 68, 76
• Philadelphia, Pa., 114, 222, 226
• Phillips curve, 48, 50–51, 54, 65, 75
• Philosophy, 42, 64, 157–164, 174–178, 182–185, 187–188, 190–191
• Pinel, Philippe, 102
• Pines, Burton Yale, 216
• Piper, John, 173
• Pipes, Richard, 243, 245–246
• Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), 127–129, 240
• Pocock, J. G. A., 98
• Podhoretz, Norman, 83
• Poland, 196, 245, 248–250, 252–253
• Policy Review, 196, 217–218
• Political theory, 5, 42, 64, 78–79, 81–83, 85–90, 95, 101, 105, 107, 147, 175, 178, 182–198, 207, 223, 226, 259
• Popularity ratings, presidential, 21, 33, 267, 279n44
• Pornography, 153–154, 170, 195
• Posner, Richard A., 50, 66, 238, 240; Economic Analysis of Law, 58–59
• Postmodernism, 9–10, 141, 157–158, 164, 173, 180, 230–232, 254, 260–261
• Poststructuralism, 138, 146, 157–159, 162–163, 173–176
• Poverty, 51, 181, 184, 186, 199–209, 215, 253; and race, 120, 122–124, 127, 130, 141; in post-9/11 America, 262–263, 265–266, 269
• Powell, John Wesley, 228
• Powell, Lewis F., 134–135
• Power, recession of, 3, 5, 77–79, 91, 107–110, 225; debates over, 11–13, 39, 77–112, 120, 131–133, 138, 143–144, 146–148, 152, 157, 160, 162–163, 176, 250, 254; in post-9/11 America, 259, 261, 268–270
• Prayer, school, 31, 145, 197–198, 235
• President’s Commission for a National Agenda for the 1980s, 30
• Price controls, 48–49, 61, 77, 248
• Prisoner’s dilemma, 10, 64, 86
• Privatization, 8, 51, 53, 74, 189, 218, 248–253
• Program for Economic Recovery, 73
• Property taxes, 70
• Proposition 13 (California), 70–71
• Proposition 209 (California), 130
• Protestant evangelicals, 20, 26, 80, 126, 163–174, 176, 217, 229, 262, 270; and abortion, 165–166, 169–171, 205; and homosexuality, 165, 168, 170, 172; and schools, 168, 217, 229; and womanhood, 170–174; and the end of history, 231–232
• Public choice theory, 86–87, 109
• Public good, 76, 87, 89, 128, 184, 192, 195, 261
• Public schools, 181, 214–219, 225–226, 232, 234–236
• Public utility regulation, 60–62
• Putnam, Robert, 5, 220; “Bowling Alone,” 5
• Queer nation movement, 162–163
• Quirk, Paul, 62
• Rabine, Leslie, 161
• Race, debates over, 4, 10–11, 19, 39, 93, 97, 111–144, 201–203, 209, 211, 215, 232, 234, 240; and gender, 115, 120–121, 139–140, 152–153; in post-9/11 America, 260, 270–271
• Radio, 13, 32, 35, 168, 261, 310n46
• Rainbow Coalition, 114
• Rakove, Jack, 238
• Rand, Ayn, 187
• Rational choice theory, 11, 88–90, 105, 107, 183, 291n18
• Rational expectations, 64–68, 74, 285n47
• Rawls, John, 12; A Theory of Justice, 182–187, 189–191, 193–194, 198–199, 209, 220
• Reagan, Ronald, 1, 3, 8, 83–84, 97, 144, 159, 176, 188, 216, 235, 237, 310n46; speeches of, 12, 15, 17–18, 22–41, 120, 180, 222–224, 229, 263, 266, 268, 276n17, 277n28, 310n46; foreign policy of, 22, 26–28, 37–38, 167, 205, 243–245, 247; popularity of, 33–34, 279n44; economic policies of, 35, 37, 43, 50, 56, 73–74; and race, 129–130, 132, 136; and women’s issues, 166, 310n46; and welfare policy, 206, 208
• Reaganomics, 29, 35, 50, 69, 73–74, 186, 288n64
• Reagon, Bernice, 153
• Redistribution, economic, 183–185, 193, 198, 215
• Regulation, government, 48–49, 51–52, 56, 60–63, 69, 75, 195
• Rehnquist, William H., 134, 237, 239
• Relativism, 175–177, 210, 247, 260–261
• Religion. See Catholics; Jews; Muslims;
• Protestant evangelicals
• Republican Party, 3, 7, 28, 39, 48–49, 69, 71, 74, 84, 121, 145, 150, 152, 168, 189, 228, 232, 264–265, 278n34, 296n65
• Responsibility, 17, 19–21, 26, 29, 31, 38, 182; in post-9/11 America, 257, 259, 263–265, 271
• Revel, Jean-François, 243; How Democracies Perish, 1
• Reynolds, William Bradford, 130, 133
• Ricardo, David, 45, 47
• Rich, Adrienne, 148–149, 155; Of Woman Born, 149
• Richmond, Va., 114, 135
• Riesman, David: The Lonely Crowd, 4
• Rights, 158, 197–198; constitutional, 149–150, 164–165, 234–236, 238–239; human, 169, 243, 247, 251, 256, 266–268. See also Civil rights movement
• Riker, William H., 86–87, 90
• Riley, Denise, 164
• Rizzo, Frank, 226
• Robertson, Pat, 232
• Roe v. Wade (1973), 165–166
• Rogin, Michael Paul, 222
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 3, 15, 18, 21, 23, 32, 36, 233
• Roosevelt, Theodore, 23, 26
• Rorty, Richard, 177
• Rothenberg, Randall, 315n11
• Rugg, Harold, 226
• Rumsfeld, Donald, 266–267
• Rusher, William A., 84
• Russia, 248, 250, 252–253, 256, 259, 331n67, 332n75. See also Soviet Union
• Sachs, Jeffrey, 247–250, 252–253; “What Is to Be Done?” 248
• Sacrifice, 12, 15, 21, 23–24, 29–30, 263–265
• Said, Edward, 139; Orientalism, 105
• Samuelson, Paul, 49, 51–52, 63, 66, 68; Economics, 45–48, 76
• Sandburg, Carl, 23, 29
• Sanford & Son (TV show), 115–116
• Saussure, Ferdinand de, 158
• Savimbi, Jonas, 37
• Say’s law, 70
• Scalia, Antonin, 134, 237, 239–241, 328n48
• Schama, Simon: Dead Certainties, 230
• Schambra, William A., 196–197
• Schlafly, Phyllis, 149–150, 166
• Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr.: The Disuniting of America, 210–212
• Schools, 89–90, 145, 168, 181, 195; desegregation of, 4, 113, 118, 123, 125–127, 129–130, 133, 190, 215–216, 232, 234–236; vouchers, 8, 51, 214–219, 322n74; prayer in, 197–198, 232, 235–236; curriculum battles in, 210–212, 214–216, 225–229, 236
• Schultz, George P., 244
• Schultze, Charles, 42, 285n43
• Schumpeter, Joseph, 81, 158
• Schwartz, Anna, 51
• Scott, JoanW., 100, 158, 160–161
• Sears Corporation, 160
• Secular humanism, 145, 170, 195, 236, 326n33
• “Separate but equal” doctrine, 112, 127–128, 222, 240
• Sevareid, Eric, 35
• Sexuality, 11, 104, 148–151, 153–154, 163–165, 168–170, 173–176, 178, 207
• Sewell, William H., 92, 100
• Shakespeare,William, 211, 292n26
• Shock therapy, 248–254, 259, 267
• Showalter, Elaine, 148
• Simon, Herbert, 67
• Simon, William E., 7, 59, 205
• Simpson, O. J., 143
• Single parentage, 201–204, 207–209
• “Sisterhood,” 11, 146–155
• Six-Day War (1967), 231
• Sixties, social thought and social movements in, 3–5, 17, 19, 30, 39, 79, 82–83, 91, 113, 115, 117, 125–126, 128, 146, 174–175, 182, 185–187, 191–192, 213, 224, 226, 274n7
• Slavery, 93–94, 96–97, 111, 114, 117, 119, 122, 135, 137, 188, 190, 226, 229, 233, 239, 262–263
• Slavs, 126, 137
• Smith, Adam: Wealth of Nations, 44, 47
• Smith, Barbara Herrnstein, 159
• Smith, Rogers, 88
• Smith Richardson Foundation, 72, 216
• Smith v. Board of School Commissioners (1987), 237
• Snitow, Ann, 149, 152
• Social, fracture of the, 8, 39–40, 100, 185, 198, 220
• Social capital, 5, 124, 196, 220
• Social cost, 57–60
• Social forecasts, 78–80, 107–109, 111, 242–245, 266–267, 269, 296n65
• Socialism, 7, 26, 53, 92–93, 187, 190, 193, 218, 248, 251, 271
• Social Security, 8, 51, 53, 70, 184, 189, 271
• Social thought, in mid-twentieth-century America, 4–5, 8–9, 16–17, 81–82, 182, 254–255
• Society, debates over, 2–5, 10, 12–13, 15–17, 23, 28, 38, 41, 63, 73, 89–90, 109, 180–220, 225, 242, 254; in post-9/11 America, 257, 259, 261–262, 269–271
• Sociobiology, 186–187
• Sociology, 4–5, 17, 39, 78, 100, 122–125, 138, 179, 182, 212, 218–220, 226, 229; and new class theory, 83–85; and rational choice, 89–90
• Solidarity, 4, 9, 92, 186, 254; racial, 114–122, 125, 143; gender, 147–152, 154–155, 177–178; in post-9/11 America, 257–262, 268, 271
• Solidarity (Poland), 196, 245, 248
• Solow, Robert, 45, 331n67
• Soros Foundation, 247
• Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 121
• Soviet Union, 21–22, 25–27, 30, 37, 150, 218, 224, 231, 242–254. See also Russia
• Speech codes, 212–214, 321n65
• Speeches, presidential, 3, 12, 15–40, 111, 180, 222–224, 229–230, 261–268, 276n17, 277n28
• Spivak, Gayatri, 139, 159
• Stagflation, 48, 80
• Stanford University, 210, 212, 321n65
• State of the Union addresses, 17–18, 21, 25, 28, 30, 34, 36, 259, 263–264
• Steele, Shelby, 120
• Stern, Howard, 35
• Stigler, George, 50
• Stiglitz, Joseph, 45, 68, 76, 77–78, 252
• Stockman, David, 206
• Stop ERA, 150–151, 164–166, 171
• Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 262
• Strategic Defense Initiative, 37
• Strauss, Leo, 175, 246–247
• Students for a Libertarian Society, 315n14
• Sugarman, Stephen D., 215, 218
• Sullivan, Andrew, 256
• Sullivan, William M.: Habits of the Heart, 195
• Summers, Lawrence, 330n61
• Supply-side economics, 56, 69–74, 76
• Supreme Court, U.S., 60, 83, 156, 165–166, 262; and racial issues, 113, 121, 123, 127–129, 131, 134–136; and originalism, 232–242
• Sutherland, George, 233
• Taney, Roger B., 233
• Tannen, Deborah, 155
• Tax policy, 29–30, 35, 49–51, 62, 65–66, 69–76, 195, 264–265, 271, 288n64
• Tax revolts, 70–72, 271
• “Tea party” movement, 271
• Television, 7, 13, 23, 35, 115–117, 168, 172, 257, 261
• Terry, Randall, 169
• Textbooks, 107, 145, 236; in economics, 45–47, 63, 76; in government, 83, 89; in history, 225–229, 236
• Thatcher, Margaret, 29, 39, 53–55, 74, 97–98, 219
• Think tanks, 1, 7–8, 13, 70, 72, 83, 127, 189, 195–196, 204–207, 216, 218
• This Bridge Called My Back anthology, 153
• Thomas, Clarence, 121–122, 134, 140, 239
• Thomas, Kendall, 142
• Thompson, E. P., 155, 292n26; The Making of the English Working Class, 91–94, 97–99
• Thompson, Tommy, 217
• Thomson, Rosemary, 171
• Thurow, Lester: The Zero-Sum Society, 69–70
• Time, 9, 12, 38, 132, 134, 191, 221, 229; in economic analysis, 47, 63–66, 76; compressed, 223–225, 229–233, 238, 241–243, 246–252, 254–255; in post-9/11 America, 257, 266–269
• Time, 1, 200–201, 324n12
• Times (London), 204
• Tobin, James, 41, 68, 331n67
• Tocqueville, Alexis de, 5, 218, 292n26; Democracy in America, 228
• Toffler, Alvin, 144, 221, 269; Future Shock, 107–108, 224; Powershift, 296n65; The Third Wave, 108–109, 224, 296n65
• Toffler, Heidi, 107
• Totalitarianism, 22, 25, 27, 30, 196, 242–244, 247
• Tragedy of the commons, 10, 64, 86
• Transition economics, 247–253, 332n75
• Treptow, Martin, 23–24, 27
• Trotsky, Leon, 82–83
• Truman, Harry, 17, 21, 23, 26
• Tulis, Jeffrey, 15
• 2 Live Crew, 142
• Ukraine, 253
• Underclass, 122–124, 200–209
• Unemployment, 20, 43–44, 46, 48–49, 52, 54–55, 61, 74, 123, 201–202, 250
• Unions. See Labor unions
• United Nations, 231, 244, 267
• Universities and colleges, 2, 25, 85, 115–116, 141, 159, 162, 167–168, 231; campus controversies at, 25, 145, 174–176, 186, 210–214; admission to, 123, 129–131, 133, 135, 152; and speech codes, 212–214
• University of California at Berkeley, 6, 25, 102
• University of Cambridge, 138
• University of Chicago, 49–50, 52–53, 55–57, 64, 67, 75, 86, 90, 250, 284n34
• University of Michigan, 212
• University of Notre Dame, 26–27
• University of Pittsburgh, 159
• University of Rochester, 86
• Urban politics, race and, 114, 116, 129
• Urban riots, 111, 119, 174, 200–201
• U.S. News and World Report, 227
• Utilitarianism, 183, 187
• Van den Haag, Ernest, 189
• Vatican II council, 168
• Vietnam War, 4, 19, 36–37, 174, 186–187, 256, 315n14
• Violence against women, 147, 150, 154, 162
• Virginia Polytechnic University, 86
• Virtue, 98, 191–192, 196, 198
• Volcker, Paul, 54–55, 67
• Vouchers, school, 8, 51, 214–219, 322n74
• Wage controls, 48–49, 61, 77
• Walker, Alice, 115, 153; The Color Purple, 117, 211
• Walker, Charls, 70
• Wallace v. Jaffree (1985), 237, 239
• Wallis, Jim, 269
• Wall Street Journal, 69–71, 83, 211, 218
• Walzer, Michael, 187, 197, 315n14, 316n24; Spheres of Justice, 193–194, 198
• Wanniski, Jude, 69, 76; The Way the World Works, 72–73
• War on Poverty, 12, 184, 200, 202, 215, 265
• Warren, Earl, 129, 156, 232–234, 236–238, 240–241, 328n48
• Warren, Rick, 269
• Warsh, David, 71–72
• War on terror, 12–13, 247, 256–261, 263–264, 268, 271
• Washington, Booker T., 120–121
• Washington, George, 23, 31–32, 36, 222
• Washington, D.C., 70, 118, 128, 180, 189, 260
• “Washington consensus,” 74–75, 259
• Washington Post, 49, 326n33
• Washington state, 136
• Weidenbaum, Murray, 61
• Weir, Fred, 252–253
• Welfare policy, 12, 120, 124, 126, 130, 184–185, 189, 200–209, 216, 263, 265–266
• Wells, H. G., 26
• Wells, Ida B., 121
• “We the People,” 34–37, 39, 239
• West, Cornel, 116, 139, 142, 144; Race Matters, 144
• Weyrich, Paul, 1
• White House Conference on Families, 165–166, 171
• Who Built America? 229
• Will, George F., 26, 189, 206, 245
• Williams, Annette, 217
• Williams, Gwynn, 95–96
• Williams, Walter E., 132
• Williamson, Oliver E., 78
• Wills, Garry, 194
• Wilson, E. O.: On Human Nature, 186
• Wilson, James Q., 83
• Wilson, William Julius: The Declining Significance of Race, 122–125, 143, 200; The Truly Disadvantaged, 1, 124, 202
• Wilson, Woodrow, 15
• Winant, Howard, 137
• Winfrey, Oprah, 6, 116
• Wittfogel, Karl August, 101
• Wolfe, Tom, 6
• Wolfowitz, Paul, 266
• Women, 5, 10–12, 93, 146–147, 178, 199, 203–204, 240; and the culture wars, 11–12, 145, 149–151, 164–175; and feminism, 79, 146–164, 178; and race, 115, 120–121, 139–140
• Women’s movement. See Feminism
• Women’s studies, 212
• World Bank, 62, 74, 87
• World Trade Center, 12, 257–258
• Wriston, Walter, 75
• Yale University, 156, 158–159, 176, 239, 284n34
• Yeltsin, Boris, 248, 250, 331n67
• Yorktown, battle of, 223
• Young Americans for Freedom, 187
• Zakaria, Fareed, 260, 271
• Zero-sum society, 69, 72